{"id":1398,"date":"2025-11-05T11:07:47","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T10:07:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/?p=1398"},"modified":"2025-12-11T11:32:27","modified_gmt":"2025-12-11T10:32:27","slug":"materia-organiczna-gleby","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/materia-organiczna-gleby\/","title":{"rendered":"Materia organiczna gleby"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Materia organiczna pe\u0142ni kluczow\u0105 rol\u0119 dla kszta\u0142towania cech fizycznych, chemicznych i biologicznych gleby. Jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c niezwykle istotna w przeciwdzia\u0142aniu suszy poprzez wp\u0142yw na w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci retencyjne gleby.<\/p>

Materia organiczna bierze udzia\u0142 w procesach sorpcji wymiennej i regulowaniu buforowych w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci gleby. W glebach mineralnych pr\u00f3chnica odpowiada za znaczn\u0105 cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 pojemno\u015bci sorpcyjnej gleby. Zasoby glebowej materii organicznej s\u0105 tak\u017ce rezerwuarem w\u0119gla organicznego, dlatego utrzymanie jej zasob\u00f3w jest niezwykle wa\u017cne z punktu widzenia ograniczania emisji gaz\u00f3w cieplarnianych.<\/p>

Zawarto\u015b\u0107 pr\u00f3chnicy w glebach Polski uzale\u017cniona jest od czynnik\u00f3w naturalnych, takich jak proces glebotw\u00f3rczy, uziarnienie gleby i warunki wodne, oraz sposobu u\u017cytkowania gruntu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Udzia\u0142\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Udzia\u0142 profili w klasach zasobno\u015bci w pr\u00f3chnic\u0119 w latach 1995 - 2025<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

W roku 2025 \u015brednia zawarto\u015b\u0107 pr\u00f3chnicy wynios\u0142a 1,97%, przy medianie 1,71%, kt\u00f3re to warto\u015bci by\u0142y na poziomie zbli\u017conym do lat 1995 – 2015. Podobnie jak we wskazanych okresie, aktualnie w ca\u0142ej grupie analizowanych punkt\u00f3w przewa\u017caj\u0105 gleby klasyfikowane jako \u015brednio zasobne w materi\u0119 organiczn\u0105 (1-2%) a ich udzia\u0142 przekracza 60%. Gleby o zawarto\u015bci wysokiej (2-3,5%) stanowi\u0105 nieco mniej ni\u017c 30% pr\u00f3bek, a zawarto\u015b\u0107 nisk\u0105 lub bardzo wysok\u0105 stwierdzono w pojedynczych pr\u00f3bkach.<\/p>

Analizuj\u0105c przestrzenn\u0105 zmienno\u015b\u0107 zawarto\u015bci materii organicznej, pas wojew\u00f3dztw Polski \u015brodkowej posiada wyra\u017anie ni\u017csza \u015bredni\u0105 zawarto\u015b\u0107. Fakt ten w du\u017cym stopniu odzwierciedla charakter ska\u0142y macierzystej gleb w Polsce \u015brodkowej, gdzie dominuj\u0105 utwory lekkie i bardzo lekkie, kt\u00f3re nie sprzyjaj\u0105 akumulacji pr\u00f3chnicy w glebach.<\/p>

Zawarto\u015b\u0107 w\u0119gla organicznego jest \u015bci\u015ble skorelowana z zawarto\u015bci\u0105 pr\u00f3chnicy. Jego \u015brednia zawarto\u015b\u0107 w 2025 r.\u00a0 wynios\u0142a 1,14 % a mediana wynosi\u0142a 0,99%, co oznacza, \u017ce w po\u0142owie punkt\u00f3w monitoringowych zmierzono zawarto\u015b\u0107 w\u0119gla organicznego ni\u017csz\u0105 ni\u017c 1%.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>
Substancja organiczna gleby <\/th>Jednostka <\/th>Warto\u015b\u0107 <\/th>Rok <\/th><\/th><\/th><\/th><\/th><\/th><\/th><\/tr>
- <\/th><\/th><\/th>1995 <\/th>2000 <\/th>2005 <\/th>2010 <\/th>2015 <\/th>2020 <\/th>2025 <\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Pr\u00f3chnica <\/td>% <\/td>minimum <\/td>0,79 <\/td>0,77 <\/td>0,72 <\/td>0,76 <\/td>0,62 <\/td>0,63 <\/td><0,86 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>maximum <\/td>5,75 <\/td>5,68 <\/td>5,46 <\/td>6,05 <\/td>6,62 <\/td>9,42 <\/td>5,91 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>\u015brednia <\/td>1,95 <\/td>1,96 <\/td>1,9 <\/td>1,97 <\/td>1,94 <\/td>2,9 <\/td>1,97 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>mediana <\/td>1,77 <\/td>1,8 <\/td>1,67 <\/td>1,7 <\/td>1,68 <\/td>2,68 <\/td>1,71 <\/td><\/tr>
W\u0119giel organiczny <\/td>% <\/td>minimum <\/td>0,45 <\/td>0,45 <\/td>0,42 <\/td>0,44 <\/td>0,36 <\/td>0,25 <\/td><0,5 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>maximum <\/td>3,33 <\/td>3,29 <\/td>3,17 <\/td>3,51 <\/td>3,84 <\/td>5,46 <\/td>3,43 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>\u015brednia <\/td>1,13 <\/td>1,14 <\/td>1,09 <\/td>1,14 <\/td>1,12 <\/td>1,67 <\/td>1,14 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>mediana <\/td>1,02 <\/td>1,04 <\/td>0,97 <\/td>0,99 <\/td>0,98 <\/td>1,55 <\/td>0,99 <\/td><\/tr>
W\u0119giel organiczny <\/td>g*kg-1<\/sup><\/td>minimum <\/td>4,5 <\/td>4,5 <\/td>4,2 <\/td>4,4 <\/td>3,62 <\/td>2,5 <\/td><5 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>maximum <\/td>33,3 <\/td>32,9 <\/td>31,7 <\/td>35,1 <\/td>38,42 <\/td>54,6 <\/td>34,3 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>\u015brednia <\/td>11,29 <\/td>11,35 <\/td>10,93 <\/td>11,43 <\/td>11,23 <\/td>16,75 <\/td>11,4 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>mediana <\/td>10,2 <\/td>10,35 <\/td>9,7 <\/td>9,85 <\/td>9,77 <\/td>15,5 <\/td>9,9 <\/td><\/tr>
Azot og\u00f3lny <\/td>% <\/td>minimum <\/td>0,02 <\/td>0,04 <\/td>0,04 <\/td>0,04 <\/td>0,04 <\/td>0,03 <\/td>0,03 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>maximum <\/td>0,32 <\/td>0,91 <\/td>0,34 <\/td>0,41 <\/td>0,36 <\/td>0,6 <\/td>0,37 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>\u015brednia <\/td>0,1 <\/td>0,11 <\/td>0,1 <\/td>0,11 <\/td>0,12 <\/td>0,13 <\/td>0,12 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>mediana <\/td>0,09 <\/td>0,09 <\/td>0,09 <\/td>0,1 <\/td>0,11 <\/td>0,12 <\/td>0,11 <\/td><\/tr>
Azot og\u00f3lny <\/td>mg*g-1<\/sup><\/td>minimum <\/td>0,21 <\/td>0,35 <\/td>0,36 <\/td>0,38 <\/td>0,4 <\/td>0,3 <\/td>0,3 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>maximum <\/td>3,24 <\/td>9,1 <\/td>3,43 <\/td>4,12 <\/td>3,6 <\/td>6 <\/td>3,7 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>\u015brednia <\/td>0,98 <\/td>1,06 <\/td>0,98 <\/td>1,12 <\/td>1,21 <\/td>1,29 <\/td>1,23 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>mediana <\/td>0,9 <\/td>0,9 <\/td>0,87 <\/td>0,96 <\/td>1,05 <\/td>1,15 <\/td>1,1 <\/td><\/tr>
Proporcja C\/N <\/td>stosunek C\/N <\/td>minimum <\/td>6,8 <\/td>7,1 <\/td>6,9 <\/td>7,4 <\/td>4,03 <\/td>2,27 <\/td>4,41 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>maximum <\/td>21,9 <\/td>19,5 <\/td>22,7 <\/td>17,37 <\/td>15,61 <\/td>52,4 <\/td>20,08 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>\u015brednia <\/td>11,91 <\/td>11,33 <\/td>11,57 <\/td>10,4 <\/td>9,37 <\/td>14,8 <\/td>9,46 <\/td><\/tr>
<\/td><\/td>mediana <\/td>11,4 <\/td>11 <\/td>11,45 <\/td>10,24 <\/td>9,11 <\/td>12,31 <\/td>9,32 <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>WordPress Table<\/a><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Materia organiczna pe\u0142ni kluczow\u0105 rol\u0119 dla kszta\u0142towania cech fizycznych, chemicznych i biologicznych gleby. Jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c niezwykle istotna w przeciwdzia\u0142aniu suszy poprzez wp\u0142yw na w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci retencyjne gleby. Materia organiczna bierze udzia\u0142 w procesach sorpcji wymiennej i regulowaniu buforowych w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bci gleby. W glebach mineralnych pr\u00f3chnica odpowiada za znaczn\u0105 cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 pojemno\u015bci sorpcyjnej gleby. Zasoby glebowej materii organicznej s\u0105 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1398","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bez-kategorii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1398","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1398"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1398\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1775,"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1398\/revisions\/1775"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gios.gov.pl\/chemizm_gleb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}